Gene Polymorphism of Angiotensinogen in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Comparative Study of Patients with and Without Diabetic Retinopathy (Code-T0101)

Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common and debilitating complication of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), which leads to vision impairment. Angiotensinogen gene polymorphism has been suggested to play a role in the development of microvascular complications in diabetes. The study aims to explore the association between Angiotensinogen Methionine/Threonine gene polymorphism and the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy in T2DM patients.

Aims and Objective:

Aims:
The general aim is to measure gene polymorphism in individuals with T2DM and compare patients with and without diabetic retinopathy.

Objective:

1. The primary objective is to compare the Angiotensinogen Methionine/Threonine gene polymorphism between patients with and without DR.
2. The secondary objective is to correlate Angiotensinogen gene polymorphism with the severity of diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: This case-control study included 100 T2DM patients, divided into two groups: with diabetic retinopathy (n=50) and without diabetic retinopathy (n=50). DNA samples were extracted from peripheral blood, and Angiotensinogen gene polymorphisms were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The severity of diabetic retinopathy was graded based on fundoscopic examination. Statistical analysis was conducted to compare gene polymorphisms between the groups and correlate with DR severity.

Results: Significant differences in Angiotensinogen Methionine/Threonine gene polymorphism were found between patients with and without diabetic retinopathy. A strong correlation was observed between the polymorphism and the severity of diabetic retinopathy.

Conclusion: Angiotensinogen gene polymorphism may be a potential genetic marker for predicting the development and severity of diabetic retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients, offering valuable insights for early intervention and personalized treatment.

Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, diabetic retinopathy, Angiotensinogen gene polymorphism, genetic marker, PCR analysis, severity.