Evaluation of Prevalence and Severity of Pulmonary Hypertension in COPD Patients (Code-T0103)

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common respiratory disorder characterized by airflow limitation and progressive lung function decline. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a serious complication of COPD, contributing to increased morbidity and mortality. PH in COPD is often underdiagnosed, as its symptoms overlap with those of COPD itself. Early identification and assessment of PH are crucial for better management and treatment outcomes in COPD patients. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and severity of pulmonary hypertension in patients with COPD.

Aims and Objective: The current study, which is being performed at Patna Medical College and Hospital in Patna, aims to assess the prevalence and severity of PH in patients with COPD and its link with phases of the disease.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 100 COPD patients diagnosed based on clinical criteria and spirometry findings. Pulmonary hypertension was diagnosed using Doppler echocardiography, which measured the estimated pulmonary artery pressure (PAP). The severity of COPD was classified according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria. The prevalence and severity of PH were compared across different stages of COPD.

Results: The study found a high prevalence of pulmonary hypertension in COPD patients, with a significant increase in severity as COPD advanced. Approximately 40% of patients with severe COPD had moderate to severe PH, while those with mild COPD showed a lower prevalence.

Conclusion: Pulmonary hypertension is common and increases in severity with the progression of COPD. Early detection and management of PH in COPD patients are crucial to improve clinical outcomes and reduce complications.

Keywords: COPD, pulmonary hypertension, prevalence, severity, echocardiography, lung disease.