Assessment of Surgical Outcomes in Penetrating Keratoplasty for Adherent Leucoma and Leucoma-Grade Corneal Opacities: An Observational Study (Code-T0112)

Introduction: Penetrating keratoplasty (PK) is a vital surgical intervention for patients with severe corneal opacities, including adherent leucoma and leucoma grade corneal opacities. These conditions significantly impair vision, and the surgical outcomes depend on various preoperative and intraoperative factors. This study evaluates the visual and anatomical outcomes of PK in these patients.

Aims and Objectives

This study has the following aims and objectives-

1) To assess the factors affecting visual outcome.

2) To evaluate post operative outcome of surgical procedure in terms of best corrected visual acuity.

3) To study post-Operative, follow up to assess and manage complication occurring during optical keratoplasty

Methods: This observational study included 50 patients diagnosed with adherent leucoma or leucoma grade corneal opacity who underwent PK at a tertiary care hospital. Preoperative evaluations included slit-lamp biomicroscopy, anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT), and visual acuity assessment. Intraoperative and postoperative parameters, including graft clarity, visual outcomes, and complications, were recorded and analyzed over a 12-month follow-up.

Results: Graft survival at 12 months was 85%, with 70% of patients achieving significant improvement in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Adherent leucoma cases showed slightly higher complication rates, including graft rejection (10%) and secondary glaucoma (8%), compared to leucoma grade opacities. Factors influencing outcomes included donor quality, recipient bed preparation, and postoperative management.

Conclusion: Penetrating keratoplasty is an effective surgical option for restoring vision in patients with adherent leucoma and leucoma grade corneal opacity. Early intervention, meticulous surgical technique, and robust postoperative care are critical for optimizing outcomes.

Keywords: Penetrating keratoplasty, adherent leucoma, corneal opacity, graft survival, visual outcomes, corneal transplantation.