Evaluation of Cystatin-C, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as Predictive Markers in Preeclampsia (Code-T0122)

Introduction: Preeclampsia, a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, significantly contributes to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Despite advancements, its underlying mechanisms remain elusive, necessitating the identification of reliable diagnostic markers for early renal impairment.

Aims and Objectives:

To assess predictive value of cystatin-C as an alternative marker for renal function in preeclampsia in terms of sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV.

To compare serum cystatin-C levels with other traditional renal parameters: uric acid and serum creatinine level in preeclamptic women.

To study significance of inflammatory markers NLR and PLR in preeclamptic women.

Methods: This prospective case-control study involved 226 pregnant women (113 with preeclampsia, 113 healthy controls) at ≥20 weeks gestation. Serum cystatin-C, creatinine, uric acid levels, NLR, and PLR were analyzed. Statistical measures including sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were utilized.

Results: Cystatin-C levels were significantly elevated in preeclampsia compared to controls, demonstrating superior sensitivity and specificity over traditional markers. NLR and PLR were also elevated in preeclampsia, correlating with disease severity.

Conclusion: Serum cystatin-C is a promising early marker for renal impairment in preeclampsia, outperforming traditional markers. NLR and PLR offer additional insights into disease severity, emphasizing the need for integrated biomarker evaluation in clinical practice.

Keywords: preeclampsia, cystatin-C, renal impairment, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, biomarkers.