A Study on the Bilateral Parotid Gland Dimensions in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patients (Code-T0133)

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic endocrine disorder that can lead to various systemic complications, including effects on the salivary glands. The parotid glands, being major salivary glands, are often affected, with changes in their size and function observed in diabetic patients. This study aims to investigate the bilateral dimensions of the parotid glands in individuals with T1DM.

Aims and Objectives:

Aim:

To study change in  bilateral parotid glands dimensions  in patients with type 1 Diabetes mellitus.

Objectives:

Primary objective:

To compare dimensions of bilateral parotid gland in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and age and sex matched healthy controls

Secondary Objective:

1. To estimate glycosylated haemoglobin levels and its correlation with parotid gland dimensions in type 1 diabetes mellitus
2. To correlate bilateral parotid gland dimensions with duration of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 60 participants, including 30 T1DM patients and 30 healthy controls. Participants underwent parotid gland measurement using ultrasound imaging. The dimensions (length, width, and depth) of the parotid glands were recorded and compared between the two groups. Glycemic control was assessed by measuring HbA1c levels.

Results: The study found that the mean parotid gland dimensions were significantly larger in T1DM patients compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05). Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between gland size and HbA1c levels, suggesting that poor glycemic control may contribute to gland enlargement.

Conclusion: T1DM patients exhibit altered bilateral parotid gland dimensions, with increased gland size associated with poorer glycemic control. This suggests that monitoring salivary gland dimensions may provide valuable insight into the systemic effects of diabetes on glandular structures.

Keywords: Type 1 diabetes mellitus, Parotid glands, Gland dimensions, Ultrasound imaging, Glycemic control, Salivary gland enlargement.