A Prospective Study on the Incidence, Clinical Presentation, Management Modalities, Outcomes, and Complications of Ureteric Calculi (Code-T0172)

Introduction: Ureteric calculi are a prevalent cause of urinary tract obstruction, contributing significantly to patient morbidity and healthcare burdens worldwide. The incidence and clinical manifestations of these stones vary across populations, and recent advances in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches have influenced patient outcomes. This study aims to explore the incidence, clinical presentation, management strategies, and associated outcomes and complications of ureteric calculi.

Aims and Objectives:

1. To evaluate the incidence and clinical presentation of ureteric calculi.
2. To study various methods employed for management of different ureteric calculi.
3. To study the outcome after different methods of management and the short term and mid-term complications..

Methods: This prospective study included patients presenting with ureteric calculi over a 12-month period. Data collected included demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, radiological findings, and the modalities of management—ranging from conservative medical treatment to invasive interventions such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), ureteroscopy, and surgery. Follow-up was conducted to assess treatment success and complications, including infection, recurrence, and renal function impact.

Results: A total of 300 patients were enrolled, with a higher incidence in males (60%) and a peak in the 30-50 year age range. The most frequent presenting symptoms were colicky pain (85%), hematuria (40%), and nausea (30%). Management strategies included medical management (40%), ureteroscopy (35%), ESWL (15%), and surgical intervention (10%). The overall success rate was 90%, with complications occurring in 5% of cases, primarily infections and stone recurrence.

Conclusion: Ureteric calculi present with characteristic symptoms and can be managed effectively using a variety of treatment options. Early detection and appropriate management are key to achieving favorable outcomes and minimizing complications.

Keywords: Ureteric calculi, incidence, clinical presentation, management modalities, complications, outcomes.