Study of Antimicrobial Prophylaxis, Prescription Patterns, and Associated Adverse Drug Reactions in Patients Undergoing Cesarean Section at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital (Code-T0173)

Introduction: Cesarean section (C-section) is a common surgical procedure in obstetrics, often requiring antimicrobial prophylaxis to reduce the risk of postoperative infections. Understanding the prescription patterns of antibiotics and their associated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is crucial to ensure effective prophylaxis while minimizing risks. This study aims to evaluate the use of antimicrobial prophylaxis, analyze prescription patterns, and assess the profile of adverse drug reactions in patients undergoing cesarean section in the obstetrics and gynecology department of a tertiary care teaching hospital.

Aims and Objectives:

Aim:

The study aims to evaluate the prescription pattern and adverse drug reaction associated with antimicrobial prophylaxis for Caesarean section in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology department of a tertiary care hospital.

Objectives:

• To analyze the prescription pattern of prophylactic antimicrobials used in caesarean section.
• To categorize the therapeutic class of antimicrobial agents used for prophylaxis in caesarean section.
• To identify _the prevalence of adverse drug reactions associated with antimicrobial prophylaxis in caesarean section.
• To analyze the ADR profile

Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted among patients undergoing cesarean section in the obstetrics and gynecology department of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Data was collected on patient demographics, types of antimicrobial agents prescribed, timing and dosages, and any observed adverse drug reactions during the postoperative period. ADRs were classified and analyzed to identify common patterns.

Results: A total of 250 cesarean section patients were included in the study. The most commonly prescribed antibiotics were ceftriaxone (50%) and metronidazole (30%), with prophylaxis generally administered within one hour before surgery. ADRs were observed in 8% of the patients, with the most common reactions being gastrointestinal disturbances (4%), allergic reactions (2%), and skin rashes (2%).

Conclusion: Antimicrobial prophylaxis is widely used in cesarean sections, with ceftriaxone and metronidazole being the most commonly prescribed antibiotics. While the prescription pattern generally adheres to guidelines, a small proportion of patients experience ADRs. Monitoring and awareness of these reactions are essential for optimizing patient safety and treatment outcomes. Keywords: Antimicrobial prophylaxis, cesarean section, prescription pattern, adverse drug reactions, obstetrics, gynecology.