Biochemical Markers of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Alcohol Dependence Syndrome, With and Without Cannabis Use

Introduction: Alcohol Dependence Syndrome (ADS) is associated with a higher risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of conditions including obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Cannabis use, prevalent among individuals with ADS, may influence the biochemical markers of MetS, either exacerbating or mitigating its components. Understanding this relationship is crucial for targeted interventions.

Aims and Objectives:

Aim

To evaluate biochemical markers of metabolic syndrome in patients of ADS with and without cannabis use.

Objectives

Primary objectives

1.To estimate lipid profile in patients of ADS with and without cannabis use.

2.To estimate fasting blood glucose in patients of ADS with and without cannabis use.

Secondary objectives

1.To compare the biochemical markers of metabolic syndrome viz lipid profile and fasting blood glucose in patients of ADS with and without associated cannabis use.

2.To analyze the association of blood pressure, waist circumference and body mass index (BMI) in patients of ADS with and without associated cannabis use.

3.To evaluate the effect of alcohol dependence with and without cannabis use on various parameters of metabolic syndrome.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients diagnosed with ADS at a tertiary care center. Participants were divided into two groups based on cannabis use. Data were collected on socio-demographics, substance use history, and clinical parameters. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for glucose, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and liver function tests. Blood pressure and BMI were also measured. Statistical analysis was performed to compare biochemical markers and MetS prevalence between the groups.

Results: Patients with ADS and cannabis use showed a lower prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and central obesity compared to those without cannabis use. However, fasting glucose levels and HDL cholesterol did not differ significantly between groups. Cannabis use was associated with a reduced overall prevalence of MetS in ADS patients.

Conclusion: Cannabis use may modulate certain biochemical markers of MetS in ADS patients, particularly triglycerides and central obesity. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and clinical implications.

Keywords: Alcohol Dependence Syndrome, Cannabis use, Metabolic syndrome, Biochemical markers, Dyslipidemia, Obesity.