Identifying Risk Factors for Nephropathy in Sickle Cell Disease (Code-T0193)

Introduction: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a prevalent genetic disorder, particularly in India’s tribal regions, characterized by chronic complications, including nephropathy. Nephropathy, a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, manifests as chronic kidney disease (CKD) or acute renal failure (ARF) at a higher rate in SCD patients than in the general population. However, comprehensive data on the risk factors specific to this population remain scarce, necessitating focused research.

Aims and Objectives:

1. To study the prevalence of nephropathy in sickle cell disease.

2. To determine risk factors for nephropathy in sickle cell disease.

Methods: A prospective observational study will be conducted over 18 months in the Department of Medicine at Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal. The sample will include 140 patients with SCD aged >18 years in steady states. Data collection will involve demographic profiles, clinical history, anthropometric measurements, physical examinations, and laboratory investigations, including proteinuria, microalbuminuria, and eGFR. Statistical analyses will assess associations between clinical variables and nephropathy.

Results: Preliminary findings suggest proteinuria, hypertension, and recurrent sickle cell crises as significant predictors of nephropathy. The study anticipates identifying key risk factors for CKD and ARF, offering insights into optimizing prevention and management.

Conclusion: Identifying risk factors for nephropathy in SCD patients can facilitate early diagnosis, mitigate progression to CKD, and improve patient outcomes, especially in resource-limited settings.

Keywords: Sickle cell disease, nephropathy, proteinuria, chronic kidney disease, acute renal failure, risk factors.