Comparative Evaluation of Intra-Articular Steroid and Sodium Hyaluronate Injections for Adhesive Capsulitis: A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial (Code-T0214)

Introduction: Adhesive capsulitis, commonly known as frozen shoulder, is a debilitating condition characterized by pain and restricted range of motion (ROM). Intra-articular corticosteroids and sodium hyaluronate (HA) are widely used to improve pain and mobility, but their comparative efficacy remains inconclusive. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of intra-articular steroid and HA injections in managing adhesive capsulitis.

Aim and Objectives: The study aims to compare the efficacy of intra-articular corticosteroid and sodium hyaluronate injections in adhesive capsulitis. The objectives include assessing improvements in pain, ROM, and functional outcomes while evaluating the potential advantages of combination therapy over individual treatments.

Methods: This prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial included patients diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis. Participants were randomly assigned to receive intra-articular injections of corticosteroid, HA, a combination of both, or a placebo. Pain scores (VAS), ROM, and functional outcomes (SPADI) were assessed at baseline and follow-ups over 12 weeks. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, with p<0.05 considered significant.

Results: Patients receiving corticosteroid or HA injections showed significant pain reduction and improved ROM compared to the placebo group (p<0.001). The combination therapy demonstrated superior improvements in pain relief and shoulder function compared to monotherapy. No severe adverse effects were reported.

Conclusion: Intra-articular steroid and HA injections effectively reduce pain and improve ROM in adhesive capsulitis. Combination therapy provides enhanced benefits, making it a promising approach for managing frozen shoulder.

Keywords: Adhesive capsulitis, frozen shoulder, corticosteroid, sodium hyaluronate, intra-articular injection, randomized trial.