Clinical and Sociodemographic Profile of Acute Poisoning In Adolescents in A Tertiary Care Center (Code-T0227)

Introduction: Acute poisoning in adolescents is a major public health issue and a significant cause of pediatric emergency admissions. Intentional poisoning, often triggered by emotional distress, relationship conflicts, or academic stress, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in this age group. This study examines the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of adolescents with acute poisoning in a tertiary care center.

Objectives: To analyze the clinical presentation, demographic profile, types of poisoning agents, and outcomes of adolescents hospitalized for acute poisoning.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 112 adolescents aged 10-18 years admitted with acute poisoning at Vani Vilas Hospital from January to December 2023. Data on sociodemographic factors, poisoning agents, mode of exposure, clinical symptoms, reasons for poisoning, treatment, and outcomes were collected. Socioeconomic and educational status was assessed using the modified Kuppuswamy classification.

Results: Of the 112 cases, 70 (62.5%) were female, with the highest incidence in the 16-17 years age group (69.7%). The most common poisoning agent was tablets (33.8%), followed by household chemicals (23.2%) and rat poison (17%). Most cases (71.4%) were from rural areas, and 96.4% were intentional. The survival rate was 89%, while 11% of cases resulted in mortality, primarily due to insecticide poisoning.

Conclusion: Intentional poisoning among adolescents, particularly females, remains a pressing concern. Addressing underlying psychosocial stressors, improving mental health support, and implementing preventive measures are essential to reducing poisoning-related mortality and morbidity.

Keywords: Acute poisoning, Adolescents, Intentional poisoning, Toxic agents, Suicide prevention, Public health.