A Study on Clinicopathological Profile and Outcome of Gastrointestinal Perforations: A Prospective Observational Study (Code-T0239)

Introduction: Gastrointestinal (GI) perforation is a life-threatening surgical emergency characterized by an abnormal opening in the GI tract, leading to peritonitis, sepsis, and significant morbidity and mortality. Despite advancements in diagnostic techniques and perioperative care, GI perforations remain a major challenge in emergency surgery. This study aims to evaluate the clinicopathological profile, surgical management, and outcomes of GI perforations.

Aims and Objectives:

Aims:

1. To study the incidence, age and sex distribution of gastrointestinal perforations.
2. To study the etiology and clinical features of gastrointestinal perforations.
3. To study the different surgical techniques in the management.
4. To studythe factors influencing the outcome of the patients.
5. To study the mortality and morbidity factors in gastrointestinal perforations.

Objectives:

To study the clinicopathological profile and outcome of gastrointestinal perforations.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on patients diagnosed with GI perforations at a tertiary care hospital. Clinical, biochemical, and radiological findings were recorded. Patients underwent surgical management, including simple closure, resection-anastomosis, and stoma formation. Postoperative complications and outcomes were analyzed using statistical methods.

Results: The study is expected to reveal significant correlations between etiology, site of perforation, clinical presentation, and patient outcomes. Peptic ulcer disease, typhoid, tuberculosis, and malignancies are anticipated as common causes. Early intervention, appropriate antibiotic therapy, and intensive postoperative care are crucial in reducing morbidity and mortality.

Conclusion: This study provides insights into the epidemiology and management of GI perforations. Timely diagnosis and intervention are key in improving survival rates and minimizing complications in affected patients.

Keywords: Gastrointestinal Perforation, Peritonitis, Emergency Surgery, Peptic Ulcer, Surgical Outcomes, Morbidity