Assessment of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kozhikode, Kerala (Code-T256)

Introduction: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a significant complication in patients with Chronic Liver Disease (CLD) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The interplay between liver and kidney dysfunction complicates diagnosis and management in these patients, making it essential to assess AKI accurately in this population.

Aims and Objectives:

Primary

To estimate the prevalence of acute kidney injury among chronic liver disease patients.

Secondary

To assess the prognosis and mortality rates of CLD patients developing AKI.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 patients diagnosed with CLD, admitted to the hospital between January 2023 and December 2024. Clinical data, laboratory tests, and imaging results were collected to identify patients with AKI according to the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the correlation between liver disease severity and AKI occurrence.

Results: The study found that 45% of the patients with CLD developed AKI. A higher incidence was observed in those with decompensated cirrhosis. The most significant risk factors identified were advanced liver cirrhosis, infections, and the use of nephrotoxic drugs. AKI was associated with a significant increase in mortality rates.

Conclusion: AKI is common in CLD patients, particularly in those with advanced liver cirrhosis, and is a strong predictor of poor outcomes. Early detection and management of AKI can potentially improve prognosis in these patients.

Keywords: Acute Kidney Injury, Chronic Liver Disease, Tertiary Care Hospital, Kozhikode, Cirrhosis, Mortality.