Evaluation of Coagulopathy in Dengue Patients Using Conventional Tests and Thromboelastography (Code-T0268)

Introduction: Dengue fever is a significant global health concern, with severe cases leading to hemorrhagic manifestations and coagulopathy. Conventional coagulation tests, such as PT, INR, and APTT, are often used to assess bleeding risks, but they may not provide a complete picture of coagulopathy. Thromboelastography (TEG) and Sonoclot analysis are emerging viscoelastic techniques that offer a more comprehensive assessment of coagulation dynamics. This study aims to compare traditional coagulation tests with Sonoclot analysis to better evaluate coagulopathy in dengue patients.

Aims and Objectives:

1. To investigate the utility of Sonoclot plots in identifying coagulopathic disorders among dengue patients, contributing valuable insights to enhance diagnostic capabilities.
2. To assess the effectiveness of conventional coagulation tests in detecting coagulopathic disorders in dengue patients, with the goal of refining diagnostic approaches.
3. To determine the correlation between conventional parameters obtained from conventional coagulopathic tests and sonoclot plots, aiming to establish a  Comprehensive understanding of coagulation status in dengue cases.
4. To develop a predictive framework for the early identification of patients at risk of transitioning from dengue fever to dengue hemorrhagic fever, facilitating timely and targeted intervention strategies.

 Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University. A total of 100 dengue patients were recruited based on NS1 antigen or IgM positivity. Blood samples were analyzed using traditional coagulation tests (PT, INR, APTT) and Sonoclot analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v20.0 to assess correlations and determine the diagnostic value of Sonoclot in dengue-associated coagulopathy.

Results: Sonoclot analysis provided a more detailed assessment of coagulation abnormalities compared to traditional tests. It detected early clot formation, platelet function, and fibrinolysis abnormalities, which correlated with disease severity.

Conclusion: Sonoclot analysis is a promising tool for assessing coagulopathy in dengue patients and may enhance early risk stratification. Integrating this technique into clinical practice could improve management and reduce complications.

Keywords: Dengue fever, Coagulopathy, Thromboelastography, Sonoclot analysis, Hemostasis, Platelet dysfunction