Stroke and Its Outcomes: A Prospective Study from a Tertiary Care Center in Central India (Code-T0026)

Introduction: Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with significant variations in outcomes based on regional healthcare capabilities. This study evaluates the clinical presentation, management, and outcomes of stroke patients in a tertiary care center in Central India to identify key factors influencing prognosis.

Aims and Objective:

• Determine the prevalence of various kinds of strokes
• Analysis of outcomes of various kinds of strokes

Methods: This prospective study included 310 stroke patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital over two years. Detailed clinical, radiological, and laboratory evaluations were conducted to classify strokes as ischemic or hemorrhagic. Risk factors, time to intervention, and treatment modalities were documented. Functional outcomes were assessed using the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at discharge and three months post-stroke. Statistical analysis identified predictors of poor outcomes.

Results: Ischemic stroke accounted for 65% of cases, while 35% were hemorrhagic. Hypertension (72%), diabetes (47%), and smoking (37%) were the most common risk factors. The median time to hospital presentation was 4.5 hours, with delayed presentations significantly impacting outcomes (p<0.05). At discharge, 47% had moderate disability (mRS 3-4), while 32% had severe disability or death (mRS 5-6). Early thrombolysis improved outcomes in ischemic stroke cases.

Conclusion: Timely intervention and management significantly improve stroke outcomes. Hypertension control and public awareness of early stroke symptoms are critical for reducing the disease burden. Future strategies should focus on reducing delays in seeking care and improving post-stroke rehabilitation services.

Keywords: Stroke, ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, risk factors, outcomes, tertiary care.