Estimation of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kozhikode, Kerala (Code-T0280)

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious complication in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD), particularly in those with cirrhosis. AKI in these patients is associated with higher morbidity and mortality, often complicating the clinical course. Identifying and estimating the prevalence of AKI in CLD patients is crucial for timely management and improving outcomes.

Aims and Objective:

Primary: To estimate the prevalence of acute kidney injury among chronic liver disease patients.

Secondary: To assess the prognosis and mortality rates of CLD patients developing AKI.

Methods: This observational study was conducted over a period of six months in a tertiary care hospital. A total of 150 patients with chronic liver disease were enrolled. AKI was diagnosed based on serum creatinine levels and urine output criteria, following the KDIGO guidelines. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, liver function tests, and renal parameters were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed to identify the prevalence and risk factors for AKI.

Results: The prevalence of AKI among CLD patients was found to be 32%. Of these, 60% had moderate AKI, and 40% had severe AKI. Significant risk factors identified for AKI included advanced cirrhosis, infection, and the presence of hepatorenal syndrome. The in-hospital mortality rate was higher in patients with AKI compared to those without.

Conclusion: Acute kidney injury is prevalent in patients with chronic liver disease, with significant morbidity and mortality. Early identification and management of AKI are crucial in improving outcomes for these patients.

Keywords: Acute kidney injury, Chronic liver disease, Cirrhosis, Tertiary care hospital, Hepatorenal syndrome, Prevalence.