Blood Component Transfusion in the Pediatric Age Group and Its Outcomes in a TertiaryCare Center (Code-T0305)

Background: Blood component transfusions are vital in managing pediatric patients with
various clinical conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical profile, appropriateness, and
outcomes of blood component transfusions in a pediatric population.
Aims and Objective:
1. To assess the clinical profile and requirement of blood component transfusion in
pediatric patients.
2. To determine the clinical outcome of blood component transfusion in pediatric
patients.
3. To assess the change in parameters in pre and post transfusion blood sample.
4. To assess the appropriateness of blood component transfusion
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 230 blood component transfusions
administered to pediatric patients in a tertiary care center. Transfusions were analyzed based on
age, sex, blood group distribution, and diagnosis-wise indications. Appropriateness was assessed
using established guidelines, and pre- and post-transfusion hematological and coagulation
parameters were statistically compared.
Results: Patient Distribution: Neonates (<28 days) accounted for the majority of transfusions
(59.5%), with a male predominance (69.8%). Indications: Severe anemia (25.1%) and sepsis
(18.6%) were the leading indications for packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusions. Sepsis was
also the most common indication for fresh frozen plasma (FFP) (32.4%) and platelet transfusions
(29.7%). Appropriateness: All FFP and platelet transfusions were deemed appropriate, while 11
(9.5%) of 116 PRBC transfusions were considered inappropriate. Outcomes: Mean hemoglobin
increased from 7.9 ± 2.1 g/dL to 11.5 ± 1.9 g/dL (p<0.001). Mean platelet count increased from
82.6 ± 38.9 × 10⁹/L to 276.4 ± 98.7 × 10⁹/L (p<0.001). Mean INR decreased from 2.15 ± 0.58 to
1.28 ± 0.33 (p<0.001).
Conclusion: This study highlights the significant demand for blood component transfusions in
neonates and the predominance of male recipients. The findings demonstrate a high level of
transfusion appropriateness and significant post-transfusion improvements in hematological and
coagulation parameters. Further research is needed to optimize transfusion strategies and
enhance pediatric patient outcomes.
Keywords: Blood Component Transfusions, Pediatric Patients, Appropriateness, Hematological
Parameters, Coagulation Parameters.