Role of P16 and Ki-67 in Diagnosing Premalignant and Malignant Conditions in CervicalHistopathological Specimens (Code-T0319)

Introduction: Cervical cancer is a leading gynecological malignancy worldwide, primarily
caused by persistent high-risk HPV infection. Early detection of premalignant cervical lesions is
crucial for preventing malignant transformation. P16 and Ki-67 are widely studied
immunohistochemical markers that aid in differentiating benign, premalignant, and malignant
cervical lesions. This study evaluates the diagnostic utility of P16 and Ki-67 expression in
cervical histopathological specimens.
Aims and Objectives
Aim: Role of p- 16 and ki - 67 in diagnosing premalignant and malignant conditions in cervical
histopathological specimens.
Objectives:
1. Histopathological grading of cervical biopsies into normal, LSIL, HSIL, CIS, SCC or
other specific malignancies.
2. To assess and grade p16 expression in cervical carcinoma.
3. To assess and grade ki67 expression in cervical carcinoma.
4. Correlation of histopathological grading with P16 expression.
5. Correlation of histopathological grading with Ki67 expression.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at GSVM Medical College from
June 2023 to December 2024, including 100 cervical biopsy samples. Histopathological grading
was performed using WHO criteria. Immunohistochemical staining for P16 and Ki-67 was
assessed using a standardized scoring system. Data were analyzed statistically using SPSS
software, and associations between marker expression and lesion severity were evaluated.
Results: P16 and Ki-67 expression showed a significant correlation with increasing histological
severity. High expression levels were observed in HSIL and squamous cell carcinoma, whereas
LSIL exhibited variable staining. The combined use of P16 and Ki-67 improved diagnostic
accuracy for differentiating premalignant and malignant lesions.
Conclusion: P16 and Ki-67 serve as valuable biomarkers for detecting and grading cervical
lesions. Their combined application enhances diagnostic precision and aids in early identification
of high-risk cases, enabling timely clinical intervention.
Keywords: Cervical cancer, P16, Ki-67, immunohistochemistry, premalignant lesions,
squamous intraepithelial lesion.