Assessment of Central Macular Thickness Variations Following Small-Incision CataractSurgery: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study (Code-T0320)

Introduction: Cataract is a leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide, with smallincision
cataract surgery (SICS) being a commonly performed procedure. Although SICS is
considered safe, subtle postoperative changes in central macular thickness (CMT) may occur,
which can impact visual recovery. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides a non-invasive
method to evaluate these changes, aiding in early detection of pseudophakic cystoid macular
edema (PCME). This study aims to assess CMT variations following uneventful SICS using
OCT.
Aims and Objectives
Aim: To study Central Macular Thickness changes after a small incision cataract surgery (SICS)
using Optical Coherence Tomography
Objective
● To elucidate the optical tomographic features of macular thickness after SICS.
● To study changes in macular thickness after SICS in relation to age, gender and other
aetiologies.
● To compare the incidence of change in macular thickness in patients with history of diabetes
and hypertensive with non diabetic and non hypertensive patients in a population.
Methods: This hospital-based observational study was conducted at Santosh Medical College
and Hospital. A total of 298 patients undergoing uneventful SICS were enrolled. Preoperative
and postoperative OCT measurements of CMT were recorded at 1 week, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks.
Statistical analysis was performed to assess correlations between CMT changes and risk factors
such as diabetes and hypertension.
Results: A significant increase in CMT was observed at 1 week postoperatively, peaking at 6
weeks, with gradual resolution by 12 weeks. Diabetic and hypertensive patients exhibited a
prolonged recovery period. No significant correlation was found between CMT changes and
visual acuity.
Conclusion: Transient macular thickening following SICS is common but resolves over time.
OCT is a valuable tool for monitoring these changes, especially in high-risk patients, to ensure
optimal visual outcomes.
Keywords: Cataract surgery, macular thickness, optical coherence tomography, pseudophakic
cystoid macular edema, small-incision cataract surgery, visual recovery.