A Study on the Etiology, Clinico-Biochemical Profile, and Complications of Portal Hypertension in Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital (Code-T0044)

Introduction: Portal hypertension is a common consequence of liver diseases, leading to serious complications such as variceal bleeding, ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy. Understanding the etiology, clinico-biochemical profile, and associated complications is crucial for effective management. This study aims to explore these aspects in patients diagnosed with portal hypertension at a tertiary care hospital.

Aims and Objectives:

1. To Study The Etiologies of Portal Hypertension.
2. To Study Clinical And Biochemical Profile In Portal Hypertension
3. To Study The Prevalence of Complication of Portal Hypertension In Patients

Methods: A prospective study was conducted involving 100 patients diagnosed with portal hypertension between 2021 and 2023. Detailed clinical examination, laboratory tests (liver function tests, renal function tests, and hematological parameters), and imaging (ultrasound and endoscopy) were performed. The patients were categorized based on the underlying etiology and followed up for complications.

Results: The most common etiologies of portal hypertension were cirrhosis (70%), followed by non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis (15%) and schistosomiasis (10%). Clinically, 60% of patients presented with ascites, 40% with variceal bleeding, and 20% with hepatic encephalopathy. Biochemical abnormalities included elevated liver enzymes, hypoalbuminemia, and coagulopathy. The incidence of complications was significantly higher in cirrhotic patients.

Conclusion: Portal hypertension in this cohort was predominantly due to cirrhosis, with ascites and variceal bleeding being the most common complications. Early detection and management of underlying causes and complications are essential for improving patient outcomes.

Keywords: Portal hypertension, cirrhosis, complications, ascites, variceal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy.