Expression of PSA, KI67 and Androgen Receptor in Prostatic Adenocarcinoma and Their Association with Pathological Grade (Code-T0082)

Introduction: Prostatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) is the most common malignancy in men, and understanding the molecular markers associated with its progression is crucial for prognosis and treatment. Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA), Ki67, and Androgen Receptor (AR) are three key biomarkers involved in the pathophysiology of PAC. While PSA is widely used for diagnosis, Ki67 and AR are emerging as markers of tumor proliferation and androgen signaling, respectively. This study investigates the expression of PSA, Ki67, and AR in prostatic adenocarcinoma and their correlation with pathological grade.

Aims and Objectives:

Aim: To study the expression of PSA, Ki67 and AR in prostatic adenocarcinoma and their association with pathological grade.

Objectives:

Primary Objective: To study the expression of PSA, Ki67 and and AR in prostatic

adenocarcinoma and their association with histopathological grade using Gleason scoring.

Secondary objective: To study the association of PSA, KI67 and AR expression with clinical stage.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 100 cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Tissue samples were analyzed for PSA, Ki67, and AR expression using immunohistochemistry. The pathological grade of each tumor was assessed using the Gleason scoring system. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the correlation between the expression levels of these markers and tumor grade.

Results: High PSA expression was significantly correlated with lower Gleason scores, whereas Ki67 expression was inversely correlated with Gleason scores, indicating increased tumor proliferation in higher-grade tumors. AR expression was found to be higher in low-grade tumors and diminished in higher-grade cases, suggesting a potential link to androgen-independent growth in aggressive PAC.

Conclusion: The expression of PSA, Ki67, and AR in prostatic adenocarcinoma is significantly associated with pathological grade. These markers can serve as useful tools for assessing tumor aggressiveness and guiding therapeutic decisions in prostate cancer management.

Keywords: Prostatic Adenocarcinoma, PSA, Ki67, Androgen Receptor, Gleason Score, Pathological Grade.