Assessment of Extracranial Carotid Artery Pathology Using Duplex Ultrasound in Computed Tomography Confirmed Ischemic Stroke and Its Association with Brain Parenchymal Changes (Code-T0096)

Introduction: Ischemic stroke, one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide, is often associated with atherosclerotic changes in the carotid arteries. The carotid arteries are the primary source of blood flow to the brain, and their stenosis or occlusion can lead to cerebral ischemia. Duplex ultrasound is a non-invasive, cost-effective imaging technique to evaluate carotid artery pathology, while computed tomography (CT) provides detailed brain parenchymal involvement. This study aims to assess the correlation between extracranial carotid artery pathology and brain parenchymal changes in patients with CT-confirmed ischemic stroke.

Aims and Objectives:

Primary Objective

 To evaluate the extracranial carotid arteries by duplex ultrasound and its correlation with cerebral parenchymal involvement in patients with CT confirmed ischemic stroke.

Secondary Objective

To attempt correlation between presence of atherosclerotic risk factors and carotid artery disease.

Methods: This study included patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke confirmed by CT scan. Each patient underwent duplex ultrasound for evaluation of the extracranial carotid arteries. The degree of stenosis or occlusion was categorized, and the findings were compared to CT images to assess the extent of brain parenchymal damage.

Results: A significant correlation was observed between the severity of carotid artery stenosis and the extent of brain parenchymal involvement. Severe carotid stenosis was more frequently associated with larger areas of brain infarction.

Conclusion: Duplex ultrasound is a valuable tool for assessing extracranial carotid artery pathology in ischemic stroke patients. The findings suggest a strong correlation between carotid artery abnormalities and brain parenchymal damage, emphasizing the need for early detection and intervention.

Keywords: Ischemic stroke, duplex ultrasound, carotid arteries, brain parenchyma, computed tomography, stenosis